又在Wikipedia上把GNU、Linux等看了一下。
GNU:
The GNU Project is a free software, mass collaboration project, announced on 27 September 1983, by Richard Stallman at MIT.
The first goal of the GNU project was to create a whole free-software operating system.
The goal of making a completely free software operating system was achieved in 1992 when the third-party Linux kernel was released as free software, under version 2 of the GNU General Public License, to be used with the GNU software stack.
With the release of the Linux kernel, started independently by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and released under the GPL with version 0.12 in 1992, for the first time it was possible to run an operating system composed completely of free software.
Relationship between GNU and Linux:
Though the Linux kernel is not part of the GNU project, it was developed using GCC and other GNU programming tools and was released as free software under theGNU General Public License.
Today a stable version (or variant) of GNU can be run by combining the GNU packages with theUnix-like kernel Linux. The GNU project calls this GNU/Linux.
GCC:
The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a compiler system produced by the GNU Project supporting variousprogramming languages.
Originally named the GNU C Compiler, when it only handled the C programming language, GCC 1.0 was released in 1987 and the compiler was extended to compile C++ in December of that year.
Front ends were later developed for Objective-C, Objective-C++, Fortran, Java, Ada, andGo among others.
List of gnu packages:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_GNU_packages